1.  It is as important for older people study and learn new things as younger people.

解题思路：赞同立场

①　For one thing, staying mentally active can help prevent mental disease in populations of older people. （保持不断学习能够预防老年人的脑部疾病的发生。）When you keep your brain engaged, you can build reinforce the connections between brain cells or perhaps even create new ones. This is possibly why mental disease occurs less in populations with higher levels of education. （学习的过程可以加强脑细胞间的活动，甚至创造出新的脑细胞，从而保证了脑部的正常运作。）

②　For another thing, continuing to acquire new knowledge will keep elderly individuals emotionally present and connected to the world. （不断学习同时能够帮助老年人跟上世界的发展。）Changes in society can seem to come swiftly and without warning, thus, if they stop trying to learn to use new technologies or grasp new ways of interacting, they will become out of touch with those around them.（世界改变非常迅速，如果不学新的东西就会很快被淘汰。）

③　 让步段：　Granted, non-stop learning can be tiring and time consuming.（这是一个让步段，简单说明不停的学习的确是比较花费时间和精力的过程，再进行削弱。）

2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? For success in school and work, the ability to adapt or adjust to a changing condition or circumstance is more important than having excellent knowledge of a job or in a field of study.

解题思路：支持the ability to adapt or adjust

适应调整能力能促进更好的沟通合作。

①　First，适应力能够促进交流沟通的能力。Adjustability fosters the ability of communication and cooperation. 环境的变化通常意味着和新的同时伙伴一起学习工作，而在新环境中，你并不熟悉别人，同样，别人也不熟悉你。A changing environment usually means working or studying with new peers，who are not familiar with each other on aspects of personality, ability and quality.当今社会，越来越多的工作学习任务是需要合作的团队项目。An increasing number of businesses have high demand for people who are not only specialists in their fields, but also skilled in social interaction, since tasks are given the need for collaboration. 所以你要具备良好的适应力，能够谦虚耐心的更别人沟通讨论，以及有较好的方式去表达自己的观点态度，相互合作。只有这样才能更好的完成工作。Thus, owning adaptability is crucial as it allows one to modestly and patiently discuss with others and express opinions and attitudes through a proper way. Only this way, tasks in work or study can be well done.

②　Second, 适应调整能力能让人有更好的心态去应对学习工作。Well adjusting to a new environment promises a positive mental attitude to face work or study. 新环境有时候也不仅仅是工作学习场所的变化，更甚至是生活环境的变化。In many cases, not only does new cirscumstance mean change of working or studying places but also means different living conditions.这种情况下，良好的适应力能保证一个人的积极应对新生活环境中的变化和困难，从而更好的投入在学习工作中。At this time, favourable adaptability can ensure a person positively response to changes and difficulties in the new living environment, so as to better devote to working or learning. 举例论证，比如留学生活，要保证生活上对文化环境、语言环境甚至是思念家乡等方面的适应。

③　让步段，虽然具备一定的专业知识也有其重要性，但是，专业知识只是敲门砖，进入社会工作后，其实仍然可以不断地学习，但是适应能力缺乏的话，不能很好的适应，反而会让你失去一些提升自我的机会，更甚至无法生存下去。我们知道，那些适应力差的人往往在学校生活的不快乐，甚至是颓废沮丧。Admittedly, mastering professional knowledge is indeed of great importance. However, the ability in specific field of study or work is merely a stepping stone for most jobs, and after entering practical work, in fact, one can continue to learn new things. In contrast, if graduates cannot adjust to changes between school and real society, they would be passed over for better opportunities and promotions instead. Worse, these young peopole even become discouraged. 所以，生活中我们会发现原本学业上优秀的学生中也有一些人反而在真正的事业发展中表现得并不好Some of the academically successful students do not perform well in their real careers。

3. Which do you prefer? An interesting and challenging job with less vacation or a job with more vacation time but less fun.

解题思路: More vacation time can provide people more opportunities to enjoy their mental lives.

① 人们有更多机会体验不同事物（First of all, people can have the chances to experience a lot of different things at their vacation time. An increasing number of people begin to have a distant trip in their vacations. It will be an unforgettable and special experience for me to have a close contact with the nature and learn more about the local culture and history of that region, which can expand my horizons and knowledge.）

② 在工作之前完全的休息好非常重要（In addition, there is a growing aware about how important it is to get full-relaxed before we go back to work. Besides doing sports, listening to music, watching movies or doing some other things are all good forms of relaxation. Those can refresh our mind from long-time brain work so that we can work even more efficiently and actively after the vacations.）

③ 假期时光也能更好地帮助我们经营家庭（Finally, another equally crucial aspect is that more holiday time are needed for us to reunite with our families. The working people really need to have more time to communicate with their families, so a long vacation time is required.）

4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for the government to spend more money on art museums and music performance centers than on recreational facilities(like playgrounds, public swimming pool).

解题思路：agree

① Art museums and music performance centers可以给当地政府带来持续稳定且数目可观的收入（a source of steady and considerable income）。解释:这些场地可以用来举办各类艺术展和明星演唱会， which is attractive to not only local residents but also tourists and fans from other places.

② 比起public recreational facilities, art museums and music performance centers能够带来更多的就业岗位（employment positions）。解释：这些场馆需要长期的管理和工作人员（long-term staffs to manage and maintain）。并且，展览和演唱会等活动的不断举办也会促进相关产业的发展（stimulate the development of relevant industries）。

③ 让步：诚然，constructing recreational facilities is also beneficial to citizens, 比如，确实public swimming pools and playgrounds provide easy access for citizens to participate in sport activities and to relax with a lower price。但是art museum and music centers benefit both the public and the government。并且，人们在看exhibition 和 music performance的时候不仅也可以得到很好的放松，还能acquire more cultural knowledge, improve their aesthetic appreciation。

5. The school has been funding for students to participate in different types of activities, but this year, since the lack of money, the school will fund one activity, which one do you think is the one the school should fund: sports, arts and volunteering.

解题思路：选择sports

① 投资体育设施(the investment in sports facilities)能够不仅给学生还给教职工（not only students but faculty）提供使用各种设施的便利（easy access to various activities），这对于处于压力下的（under huge pressure）的学生和老师来说是一个非常方便的放松机会。

② 体育馆的修建可以给学生更好的训练环境，如果学生能够参加相关比赛并取得不错的成绩，都是学校的荣誉，同时学校也有机会去承办一些体育活动(hold sports events)，这样对于学校提升自己知名度(increase its popularity)，可以吸引到更多投资或好的学生；

③ 所修建的体育设施可以对外开放，服务附近的居民，因此可以作为另一种谋利方式（can be regarded as a way to make extra profit），更可以缓解学习的经济负担（relieve the school's financial burden）。

6. High school teachers (teachers of students ages 14-18) spend most of class time lecturing (speaking) while the students listen and take notes. Other high school teachers spend most of class time on discussion and projects that students are highly involved in and exchange their ideas. Which of these two approaches do you think is more effective for student learning and why？

解题思路：spend most of class time on discussion and projects that students are highly involved in and exchange their ideas

① 有利于培养学生的创造性(cultivate creativity)。因为在小组讨论中，学生只能依靠自己和同学的知识、经验去解决问题，而不是依靠老师给予的建议，可以让孩子提出一些有创造力的解决方案（come up with innovative solutions）。对比论证：然而，如果学生知识一味地听课和记笔记，填压式的教育（force-feed education）会让孩子死记硬背(learn things by rote)，扼杀(stifle)她们的想象力和创造力。

② 讨论学习的方式可以让孩子更有动力去获取知识（be motivated to acquire knowledge）。因为和同龄人（peers）一起讨论、合作去解决问题会让学生觉得很轻松愉快，同学之间也可以相互鼓励学习，从而提升了同学们学习的士气(lift morale)举例论证

③ 让步段 ：确实，听老师上课和记笔记能让学生再学习上更专注，也能在短时间内获得准确的知识。但是，长时间的听课和记笔记会让学生失去思考能力，扼杀他们的想象力、创造力；除此之外，长时间的听课和记笔记会让学生感到疲惫，打压学生学习的积极性（sap one’s enthusiasm）

 

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