P1 农业的历史 （History of farming）

P2 儿童缺乏锻炼引发的担忧（Concerns from children’s lack of exercise）

P3 跨国公司的语言障碍（Language barriers for international companies）

 

朗阁名师丰爽点评

1. 本次考试难度中等偏下。

2. 整体分析：涉及历史（P1）社会（P2）及商业（P3）

3. 主要题型：填空题（18题）；判断题（12题）；选择（6题）；LOH小标题配对（4题）。

4. P1农业的历史（新）

文章大意：农业的起源是食物短缺和气候干旱。在远古时期，人们依靠狩猎获取食物。后来农业开始发展，人们开始圈养牲畜，将狗训练成猎犬。相比起以野味为食，以农作物为食的人们更高，也更健康。但农业的发展也带来了一些消极影响，比如战争和阶级制度的出现。

部分参考答案：

判断

6）农业的发展很大程度上依赖科技 TRUE

7）野生农作物产量更高 FALSE

8）玉米更多被喂给动物 TRUE

5. P2 儿童缺乏锻炼引发的担忧（旧）

参考文章：

A Twenty-five years ago, children in London walked to school and played in parks and playing fields after school and at the weekend. Today they are usually driven to school by parents anxious about safety and spend hours glued to television screens or computer games. Meanwhile, community playing fields are being sold off to property developers at an alarming rate. ‘This change in lifestyle has, sadly, meant greater restrictions on children,’ says Neil Armstrong, Professor of Health and Exercise Sciences at the University of Exeter. ‘If children continue to be this inactive, they’ll be storing up big problems for the future.’

 

B In 1985, Professor Armstrong headed a five-year research project into children’s fitness. The results, published in 1990, were alarming. The survey, which monitored 700 11-16-year-olds, found that 48 per cent of girls and 41 per cent of boys already exceeded safe cholesterol levels set for children by the American Heart Foundation. Armstrong adds, “heart is a muscle and need exercise, or it loses its strength.” It also found that 13 per cent of boys and 10 per cent of girls were overweight. More disturbingly, the survey found that over a four-day period, half the girls and one-third of the boys did less exercise than the equivalent of a brisk 10-minute walk. High levels of cholesterol, excess body fat and inactivity are believed to increase the risk of coronary heart disease.

 

D As a former junior football international, Professor Armstrong is a passionate advocate for sport. Although the Government has poured millions into beefing up sport in the community, there is less commitment to it as part of the crammed school curriculum. This means that many children never acquire the necessary skills to thrive in team games. If they are no good at them, they lose interest and establish an inactive pattern of behaviour. When this is coupled with a poor diet, it will lead inevitably to weight gain. Seventy per cent of British children give up all sport when they leave school, compared with only 20 per cent of French teenagers. Professor Armstrong believes that there is far too great an emphasis on team games at school. “We need to look at the time devoted to PE and balance it between individual and pair activities, such as aerobics and badminton, as well as team sports. “He added that children need to have the opportunity to take part in a wide variety of individual, partner and team sports.

 

E The good news, however, is that a few small companies and children’s activity groups have reacted positively and creatively to the problem. Take That, shouts Gloria Thomas, striking a disco pose astride her minispacehopper. Take That, echo a flock of toddlers, adopting outrageous postures astride their space hoppers. ‘Michael Jackson, she shouts, and they all do a spoof fan-crazed shriek. During the wild and chaotic hopper race across the studio floor, commands like this are issued and responded to with untrammelled glee. The sight of 15 bouncing seven-year-olds who seem about to launch into orbit at every bounce brings tears to the eyes. Uncoordinated,
loud, excited and emotional, children provide raw comedy.

F Any cardiovascular exercise is a good option, and it doesn’t necessarily have to be high intensity. It can be anything that gets your heart rate up: such as walking the dog, swimming, miming, skipping, hiking. “Even walking through the grocery store can be exercise,” Samis-Smith said. What they don’t know is that they’re at a Fit Kids class, and that the fun is a disguise for the serious exercise plan they’re covertly being taken through. Fit Kids trains parents to run fitness classes for children. ‘Ninety per cent of children don’t like team
sports,’ says company director, Gillian Gale.

G A Prevention survey found that children whose parents keep in shape are much more likely to have healthy body weights themselves. “There’s nothing worse than telling a child what he needs to do and not doing it yourself,” says Elizabeth Ward, R.D., a Boston nutritional consultant and author of Healthy Foods, Healthy Kids . “Set a good example and get your nutritional house in order first.” In the 1930s and ’40s, kids expended 800 calories a day just walking, carrying water, and doing other chores, notes Fima Lifshitz, M.D., a pediatric endocrinologist in Santa Barbara. “Now, kids in obese families are expending only 200 calories a day in physical activity,” says Lifshitz, “incorporate more movement in your family’s lifepark farther away from the stores at the mall, take stairs instead of the elevator, and walk to nearby friends’ houses instead of driving.”

部分参考答案：

判断：

18 调查发现男生比女生更有可能有心脏问题 TRUE

19 父母正在鼓励孩子自己运动 NOT GIVEN

20 跳绳重新在青少年中变得流行 FALSE

21 欧洲青少年比英国青少年进行更多的体育锻炼 TRUE

 

选择：

人们关注这个问题最大原因是：担心英国青少年

Fit Kids trains是为了：给人们运行青少年俱乐部的建议

教授认为：父母本身也要树立好榜样

本文最合适的标题：D

 P3 跨国企业的语言障碍 （旧）

文章大意：在跨国公司，语言障碍的解决措施一般有三种：一是依靠肢体语言和手势；二是依靠翻译；三是对公司员工进行语言培训。分别介绍和评估它们的优势和劣势。

部分参考答案：

选词填空

clients

documents

gesture

expensive

accurate

assumption

long-term

 

填空

Unnecessary luxuries

Model

6 levels

3 years

Refreshed

考试预测

1. 本场考试以传统题型填空和判断为主。没有出现最难的段落信息配对，而是代之以小标题配对LOH，事实上难度相对有所下降（只需理解段落大意）。但需要注意的是P3填空题出现选词填空而非原文原词，对于做惯后者的同学来说可能有一定挑战（同义替换辨识使得难度上升，可以根据语义和语法条件在wordlist中进行筛选和排除）。

2. 下场考试的话题可能有关人物类；社科类。

3. 重点浏览14,16年机经。

4. 预警小题型：配对

 

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