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2020年9月12日托福考试回顾

2020年9月12日托福考试口语回顾

Task 1: 学习类

The university decides to open the school library to the general public and charge fees for borrowing the book. Do you think this is a good idea?

Task 2:

阅读:【校园通告】- 后勤服务

学校准备提供job opportunity的panel

1. 给学生提供更多的工作选择; 2. 邀请近年的毕业生回来作指导

听力:【学生态度】: Agree

(1) 学生对就业问题一直有疑惑和problem, 虽然有实习但是只有一两个工作可以尝试

(2) 可以提供更多的信息而且现在求职方式非常新颖, 往届生可以给与帮助

Task 3:

【名词解释】- 商业类

Term: Network Effect--事物是否useful取决于使用者的人数, 但是当数量达到一个节点之后就会有不好的影响

【教授举例】

教授举了mobile phone的例子, 一开始很少有人用手机因为觉得没用. 后来用的人多了就觉得手机很convenient可以随时随地用手机做social plan. 但是当使用手机的人太多了之后, 就很难接通, 这个问题一直到现在还存在.

Task 4:

【授课主题】- 生物类

关于动物之间的grooming行为的两个advantage(19年旧题重考)

[分论点1]: reduce insects

[举例1]: chimpanzee.互相梳毛清理小虫子, 避免感染病毒

[分论点2]: reduce conflict

[举例2]: chimpanzee. 抢食物会有冲突, 那么梳毛就安抚情绪就不会打起来

朗阁讲师黄欣锐点评

独立题: 较简单

这道题难度不大,两边都比较好说. 值得注意的是原文中有两个回答要点: (1) 对外开放, (2) 收钱; 所以回答的时候这两个要素都要包含进来, 不然回答不够完整.

综合题: 适中

学术题的素材是生物+商业的经典搭配. 其中最后一题是去年考过的原题. 今年托福考试无论是综合题还是独立题旧题重现的比重很大, 所以大家一定要多回顾以前的题目, 做好准备

考试预测

独立题: 预计下一场考试会考人物类/事件类话题, 当然学习工作类是最热门的准备不能放松.

综合题: 学术题预计为心理+生物的组合; 另外T4也要注意历史和艺术类话题

2020年9月12日托福听力考试回顾

C1 校园场景

学生宿舍的玻璃坏了,要找人修。

C2 学术场景

学生跟教授讨论论文前面的引言introduction,论点thesis statement和论据evidence

以及要在结尾提出evaluation,才能引发读者思考。

C3 校园场景

学生和餐厅员工讨论之前的野餐。食物很好,但准备的场地不好,还下雨了。学生建议餐厅可以用van来运送食物,但餐厅方面表示考虑过,但这样成本就上升了,不能保证大家都买得起,于是放弃了。

C4 学术场景

女生和教授讨论小论文,比较两个画家的作品。画家C(Italy)和画家S,画家C画面光线很特别,看上去像照片,但那时候还没有照片。两个画家都刻画了普通人普通场景,有故事性。比较画作和电影的不同:电影讲述故事,画作给了故事中的某一时刻,让人遐想。

C5 校园场景

L1 生物学—动物行为

鸟类的哺育行为。一种鸟类会把自己孵的蛋放单到别的鸟窝中,让别的鸟代为孵化。这种鸟叫寄生鸟,开始researchers 以为这种鸟lazy, 后面发现他们其实也是在发挥作用,承担哺育责任的。研究发现host鸟也可以从中获益。

L2心理学

社会心理学的内容,通过实验来测试个人对于群体的服从性。实验的结果是个人不容易坚持自己的观点,容易服从群体,随大流。

L3历史

讲radio作用,提到了经济大萧条

L4 生物学

讲动物的navigation ability 依靠地球磁场

L5化学

讨论了石墨烯的特性和用处。

L6 物理学

讨论太空飞船的燃料和火箭的推进方式等

朗阁讲师李秀颖点评

听力部分较难,对话部分考察了较为经典的论文讨论场景,涉及论文写作方法和论文的选题,校园服务场景考察到了餐厅与宿舍场景; lecture中考察了比较高频的生物学、历史学,心理学等话题、之前考察较少的化学、物理学科也有涉及。

考试预测

接下来的听力考试仍然会涉及论文讨论等经典场景的考察,建议大家提前积累论文写作方法,论文选题的相关词汇与背景知识有备无患;讲座还是会以生物,艺术,历史,等学科为考察的主流;需要注意的是物理化学科目文章的考察有些提升趋势,因此需要考生积极提升自身听力硬实力,以不变应万变;同时建议在备考中查漏补缺,有充足的词汇与背景知识的储备。

2020年9月12日托福考试写作回顾

综合写作:

在北美考古发现ancient stone chambers

独立写作:

Do you agree or disagree that young people are less dependent on parents nowadays?

朗阁讲师张璐点评

综合写作:

阅读给出三个用处:

1. Sheep farming——提供shelter给lambs躲避坏天气等等

2. Ice room——dark&cool可以保存ice throughout a year

3. Crop storage

听力:反驳阅读

1、那不是一个合适的地方呃,去照顾那些小羊。因为他们对环境很敏感。那不是一个理想的地方,这个环境会阻止小羊的成长。chambers are dark and cold,lambs会fear,而且空间太小不能满足sheep成长和生活;

2、他们应该有一个结构叫做double walls,这样的话他可以作为一个insulating materials,所以即使外面很热的话,这个里面也很冷,但是在这个地方。他没有这种结构,所以外面很热的话,它不冷的保证里面很冷,所以不能够是ice chamber would这个存储冰块的地方。

3、在美国东北一个地方。有类似的可以储存食物的地方,他们有一个叫做open floor,这个可以阻止。这个地方被破坏阻止水渗入,但是在这那个chamber里头没有这种结构。所以不可能是纯属食物的,不能够为存储食物带来任何好处。

独立写作:

Individualistic sense is emerging as a result of modernization, which leads to the younger generation more and more tending to be independent from their parents. Certainly, in many cases, young people, when fail to make a living on their own, partially because of a trend toward a more intense competition, go back to their parents for shelter. However, this can not change the pattern that the young generation is becoming more independent than before.

There are plenty of reasons for this. One of them is that the speed with which information spreads has been increasing tremendously. A young man, at any time, could easily sit down in front of his computer and find out there is way more fun outside than being stuck at home. The information of employment seeps into any corner of their daily-based activity. Two years ago, my cousin, who had never been out of the province and who had always wanted to live within her family, accidentally got touch with a job interview in Beijing. She told me later that she had never felt so ambitious and so eager to try something new. She eventually made it to Beijing. Now she is totally enjoying her life in this cosmopolitan. “I am even more confident to go shopping because I buy things with my own money.” She claimed with a proud look in her face.

The implication behind the information disperse is the booming of job market. A healthy-running economy usually ensures people to maintain an independent life, even in a strange land far off from their hometown. My company creates a lot of jobs. Before I got this job, I was expecting to make quite an amount of money, which turned out to be true. The motivation accelerated with each pay raise. For me, I am working harder and harder. The huge satisfaction of living on my own, in turn, leads to breaking the financial tie with my parents. Actually, this happened almost the first moment when I got my first pay check.

Actually, the combination of both information spreading and job market flourishing conceals a fact that young people are more easily affected or stimulated by people around them who have successfully been financially independent. Most young people are intrinsically rest less and ambitious. They tend to compare themselves with their peers and are always ready to fight for their dignity. For example, when most of my friends have moved outside and been exploring the world for quite a while, it would be definitely a shame that I could feel if I were still fed by parents. This potential pressure gives rise to an impulsive moment for young people to go out, either actively or passively.

考试预测

1.At some universities, students take part in making decisions about the issues that affect daily life of everyone on campus, such as how many hours that the libraries should be open each day or what kinds of food should be served in the cafeteria. But at some universities, experts are hired to make these decisions, students almost never involved. Which approach do you prefer and why?

2.一个教授被学生评为最受欢迎教授,另一个教授刚获得研究领域奖项。他们同教一门课,你会选择哪一个教授?

1.Some people believe going on field trips is better for child’s education, while others think it is better for children to study in the classroom at school. Which one do you prefer, and explain why?

2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Competition between friends usually negatively impacts friendships.

3.Some high school teachers spend most of class time on lecturing (speaking) their students (typically between the age of 14-18). Other teachers spend most time letting students participate in class discussions or projects sharing their ideas with each other. Which do you think is more effective for students learning?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? We should take risks and explore new things when we are younger or when we are older.

2020年9月12日托福考试阅读回顾

Passage 1 Adopting Roman Values 采纳罗马价值观

(重复2019.03.16,2018.06.23,2017.07.08,2016.11.05,2016.01.24)

罗马对于所征服领土的影响不仅仅局限于军事上,在帝国统辖下的各行省通过学习罗马本土语言、建筑结构、城镇布局、行政体系和法律法规来推行其价值观。

Passage 2 The Collapse of Maya玛雅的崩塌

(重复2019.06.15,2019.01.05,2018.12.08,2018.06.30,2017.11.25,2017.05.07,2016.12.03,2014.10.18)

探讨玛雅衰亡的原因,原先认为由于农业开垦过度导致环境恶化,随之引发自然灾难摧毁玛雅,但最近研究发现玛雅衰亡是个渐进的过程,提出了粮食短缺和气候变干两种可能性。

Passage 3 Homer and Oral Poetry 荷马与口述诗歌

(重复2017.03.13,2014.10.26)

围绕荷马的两大口述诗歌著作《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》是否为他本人创作的展开讨论,有人认为是后来有文学造诣的人收集早期诗歌创作而成,也有人认为是荷马对人们熟悉的英雄故事进行艺术加工而成,不管作者是否为荷马本人,这两部史诗意义重大。

Passage 4 儿童认知能力发展的理论研究

(重复2017.11.18)

原本认为7、8岁才有理解能力,其实4岁就有,举了从几个月到5岁拥有相应能力的例子。提出两个儿童认知能力发展理论:第一个认为儿童是基于对各种原理的学习从而获得(framework theory),第二个认为儿童是基于对各种现象的认知从而获得(scientific theory)。

Passage 5 火星上的水

(话题重复2020.08.26 Water and Life on Mars)

火星上有过去河道和水网留下的痕迹,证明火星上曾经可能有水。科学家通过研究两个火星漫游车“opportunity”和“spirit” 带回的证据,发现火星过去有极大可能存在大量地下水。

Passage 6 物种多样性与生态系统稳定性

以海岛为研究对象,提出物种很少的生态更容易被破坏的理论,又举出某教授长达11年的草原研究例子,他通过收集各个物种每年的变化数据,得到结论:物种更多的生态系统更加稳定。这是因为当某个物种数量减少时,另一个类似物种能顶替上,所以生态系统整体变化不大。

Passage 7 Accounting for the High Density of Planet Mercury 解释水星的高密度

(重复2019.10.13,2018.12.15,2018.03.24)

从三方面解释火星高密度,一是地核大,所以直径和引力场大;而是地幔缺少流动物质,且铁和硅含量不低;三是有微弱的磁场。

Passage 8恐龙是否是恒温动物

(话题重复2019.11.02 A Debate about Dinosaurs)

Passage 9 Impact of Railroad Transportation in the United States 美国铁路交通的影响

(重复2017.11.11,2016.08.27)

Passage 10 光学显微镜

Passage 11 南美洲艺术品

Passage 12 欧洲人畜牧业发展的先决条件

Passage 13 霸王龙是食肉还是食草动物

词汇题:

1. pragmatic = practical 实用的

2. founding = establishment 建立

3. fragments = pieces 碎片

4. massively = extensively 大量地

5. elaborately = with great details 详尽地

6. abandoned = no longer occupied 抛弃

7. entirely = completely 完全地

8. intermittently = periodically 间歇性地

9. culmination = high point 最高点

10. controversy = disagreement 争议

11. anonymous = unidentified 无名的

12. exhibit = display 展示

13. generation = production 产生

14. acceleration = speeding up 加速

15. predominantly = mostly 大多数

16. particularly = especially 尤其

17. immense = huge 巨大的

18. surge = sudden increase 激增

19.quantify = calculate 量化

朗阁讲师葛安娜点评

1. 本场考试中,常考的人文历史话题涉及到了文学和艺术领域(“荷马与口述诗歌”&“南美洲的艺术品”),小众话题考察了认知心理学(“儿童认知能力发展的理论研究”),这些内容考生们在平时可能接触不多,背景知识相对匮乏,TPO中有类似话题文章,大家可以找出来专门练习。此外,这也考生们提了个醒:阅读复习备考时,挑选的TPO练习文章所涵盖的话题最好全面一些。

2.词汇题难度一般,绝大部分在TPO词汇题和机经词汇中出现过,平时有好好准备的话问题不大。

考试预测

生物和人文历史仍然会是主要考察话题,但较常考话题地质地理与天文以及心理学等小众话题也需关注。


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